Counseling Project Narrative Therapy With Charlie

Counseling Project: Narrative Therapy with Charlie Liberty University Taylor Finley Abstract This paper looks at the case study of Charlie and how his individual case would be conceptualized and treated with a Narrative Therapy approach. This adult male is seeking treatment for his angry issues that cause him to put down his friends and family to avoid dealing with his own problems, his excessive drinking which he uses to temporarily forget the pain and anger he possesses, and his addiction to sex. The use of Narrative Therapy will help Charlie to begin the change that he desires through treatment techniques like questioning, written artifacts, and outsider witness practices. If Charlie had an open mind to incorporating the Christian faith into his therapy treatment, the focus would then turn to scripture for encouragement and prayer. The outcome of the therapy is positively viewed, in that Charlie was successfully able to control his anger and have a more positive outlook in life in general, leaving behind his drinking and sexual sin. Keywords: Narrative Therapy, questionin g, written artifacts, outsider witness practices Case Conceptualization using Narrative Therapy Narrative Therapy is an approach to counseling that places people as the professionals in their own lives. This type of therapy aims to view problems as separate individuals to people, assuming that the individual’s set of skills, experience, and mindset will assist them in reducing the influence ofShow MoreRelated65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 Pagesrepetition. While you may want to weave a few overarching themes in all your essays, use the essays to demonstrate different aspects of your intellectual, emotional, and moral fiber. For instance, if you choose to prove your ability as a competent project manager in one essay, you may wish to discuss a more personal issue like your relationship with your parents or partner in the  ·next., Reach inside yourself for examples of strength, confidence, and accomplishment. In the end, your fundamental objectiveRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words   |  86 0 PagesPROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION - PROJECT MANAGEMENT CASE STUDIES, SECOND EDITION HAROLD KERZNER, Ph.D. Division of Business Administration Baldwin-Wallace College Berea, Ohio John Wiley Sons, Inc. This book is printed on acid-free paper. @ Copyright O 2006 by John Wiley Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Published by John Wiley Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored inRead MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 PagesOccupation Database administrators, computer support specialists, and all other computer scientists Computer engineers Systems analysts Personal and home care aides Physical and corrective therapy assistants and aides Home health aides Medical assistants Desktop publishing specialists Physical therapists Occupational therapy assistants and aides Employment 1996 212 216 506 202 84 495 225 30 115 16 2006 461 451 1,025 374 151 873 391 53 196 26 Change, 1996—2006 Number 249 235 520 171 66 378 166 22 81 11 PercentRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 PagesDiagnostic and Analytical Skills 107 Case Application 4-A: Casino Has No Sense of Humor Regardi ng â€Å"Dilbert† Comic 107 Case Application 4-B: Off-the-Job Behaviors 107 Working with a Team: Dealing in Gray Areas 108 Learning an HRM Skill: Guidelines for Counseling Employees 108 Enhancing Your Communication Skills 109 Linking Concepts to Practice: Discussion Questions 130 Developing Diagnostic and Analytical Skills 130 Case Application 5: Turnover and Morale Problems at TSA 130 Contents Working withRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesSingapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Nikki Ayana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art

Education Is Against The Law For Kids - 1301 Words

In America it is against the law for kids to not be in some type of schooling system. It doesn’t really matter what school you end up in though, because they will most likely all follow a very similar curriculum that’s taught in a very similar way. For those students that have trouble learning in such environments, there’s not much hope. In â€Å"Learning to Read,† Malcolm X reveals that he must’ve been one of those troubled students. It wasn’t until he went to prison that he learned to read and write. However, from that point on he would blossom into a knowledge hungry man that couldn’t bear to spend a second without his head buried in a book. Without at least learning to read, he may have never discovered why the black man had seemingly disappeared from history, and who might be to blame. His mind had been opened to a world that was previously just out of reach. Mike Rose almost missed out on such an opportunity as well. In â€Å"I Just Wanna Be Average,† he says that he was mistakenly labeled as a slow kid and placed in vocational education. He found those classes meaningless and often lost focus, much like the rest of his friends. All hope, education-wise, had almost been lost until it was discovered that he didn’t quite belong in those classes. It was in the upper level classes that his talents were discovered by a more creative teacher; one that actually succeeded in engaging their students. Both Malcolm X and Rose could have found themselves in hopeless, dead-end situationsShow MoreRelatedSocial Mobility Of Poor Kids Should Depend On College Education1411 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Mobility of Poor Kids Should depend on College Education Andrew Simmons, author of the article â€Å"The Danger of Telling Poor Kids That College is the Key to Social Mobility,† argues that educators have utilized one tool in the toolbox to inspire minority students into believing that their upward social mobility is dependent on four years of college education. These educators only considered the difference in earning power of college graduates versus high school graduates to buttressRead MoreThe Brown v. Board of Education Court Case Essay993 Words   |  4 PagesThe Brown v. Board of Education Court Case served as a highlighted issue in black history. Brown v. Board help different races comes together in public schools. 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Ferguson† and the famous lawyer Thurgood Marshall who argued this caseRead MoreWhy Is It Important to Follow School Rules1494 Words   |  6 PagesChildhood is a totalitarian regime, and schools are the mental concentration camps. Education is described by the mis-educated as real-life preparation; in actuality, schools train people to accept a society where the government and other institutions tell us what to think and do. Experience is the best teacher, and the purpose of school is to prevent experience. If school attendance were voluntary, schools would have to reform themselves to meet students needs, because if students could leaveRead MoreChild Labor in America773 Words   |  4 Pageschild’s workload come from a lack of not receiving the education which is important for their growing years. There are certain laws and policies that was established to control our child labor issue. Aiming to stop child labor. 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In short, the work or exercises attempted by kids oughtRead MoreThe United States Economy Suffers Greatly Due To The Discrimination1705 Words   |  7 PagesMany Americans, especially those from religious backgrounds, are opponents of the LGBT community (Chu). Many LGBT students in high school are bullied and drop out because of all the discrimination. When they drop out they are not able to obtain an education and get a job, which results in these students becoming a burden on society because the government is responsible for providing assistance to them, which is done with tax payer money (Archer). Additionally, adults in the LGBT community often experienceRead MoreDiscrimination : The Comfortable Kid1404 Words   |  6 Pagesby looking at specific examples of microaggressions in higher education, one concludes that microaggressions must be attacked by raising awareness through discussion in academia. Due to the relative newness of microaggressions as a discussion topic in human social affairs the definition can differ when used in different contexts. Hoover defines microaggressions as â€Å"†¦ a subtle conveyance of bias or stereotype...† in â€Å"The Comfortable Kid† (106.) Boysen’s article, â€Å"Teacher and Student Perceptions of

Tourism Sense of Place and Place Attachment

Question: Discuss about the Tourism for Sense of Place and Place Attachment. Answer: Introduction Tourism is such an interesting affair in the world, it is an activity that one doesnt struggle to participate in, getting in flights and moving from a continent to another will always be tiresome though not when one is travelling for leisure. Tourists been to places before though Istanbul has been a breathtaking place. The wonderful city images are always lively, something that makes tourists feel like they are touching the city. Istanbul is a city with modernization and a traditional aspect, existing as early as 7th BC, it is a city that everyone wanted to get control of, as a result of how strategic located the city is. Being a major gateway to Middle east and Europe. There are several cultures in Istanbul and ancient cultures. (Christopher,2006, p.88). This paper is going to be discussing Istanbul city and some of the best tourist destination sites, visited while in the city. When researching about Istanbul one notes that it boasts of urban spaces that cater for foreigners, since mid-1980s. Tourism can be understood better, with reference to others, what makes tourism in Istanbul more interesting is a supplement by entertainment joints. (Rath, 2007, p.91). The paper will cover key elements of the destinations in the city such as Sultan Ahmet, Grand bazaar, Haghia Sophia and Taksim square. Most importantly the paper will focus on the physiological and personal relationship tourists have with the mentioned places of Istanbul. The paper will also analyze how physical and physiological elements have contributed, to tourist experience and memory in terms of place attachment. The first destination which offers a great tourist experience, has been the Sultan Ahmet Mosque; popularly known as the blue mosque, since its walls are surrounded with blue tiles, rich in history. The sultan Ahmet mosque was built between 1609 and 1606 during the rule of Ahmed, it has the founders tomb too. During the Muslim five daily prayers, the Mosque is closed to non worshippers. While visiting the mosque, the ladies are expected to cover their heads and most interestingly, the mosque provides, head covering to the visitors for free, no fee is charged while visiting the mosque, though one can give a donation upon visiting the mosque and thereafter, provided with an official receipt acknowledging the visitors donation for the mosque maintenance. Sultan Ahmet has elements that makes it distinct, the place has a high influx of tourist as they explore the blue walled tiles containing the rich heritage of Ottoman empire culture, research indicates Istanbul city was a gateway to Europe and Asia, the mosque is carved with the historic activities in the ancient times. (Burns, Bibbings, 2010, p.169). The rich culture holds lots of psychological questions in me, the number of people that passed on, since people were fighting to get hold of the city? Most tourists have advocated diplomacy in the society since conquering a city and loosing lives is not worth the city, and it has regular natives of the country who visit the place for their daily worship. The Mosque experiences a very large entry of people from the world and foreign countries and also the original inhabitants. (Rickly-Boyd Braverman, 2016, p.170). Tourists have a personal relationship with the aspect of Sultan Ahmet meeting different needs of its visitors at the same t ime, people come to worship at the same time tourism takes place in the mosque. Even though the tourist destination is open to all, the female visitors are expected to comply with Islamic religion, so as to view the rich heritage captured in the tiles. Women should cover their head and no one gets into the mosque putting on their shoes. That did send a very strong message to me, for excellence we shouldnt ape other people, they should fit in our cultures and way of doing things. At some point tourists will visit Grand Bazaar, which happens to be one of the largest markets in the world. The market nature of attracting 250,000 to 400,000 visitors on a daily basis, makes it a distinctive sense of place, a trading center that has existed since 1461, selling food stuff, ceramics and textiles it was constructed by the order of conqueror sultan Ehmed. Sultan Hemmed had conquered the city around 1451 (Rozen,2010, p.1). While sitting at an open air cafe, watching the busy traders and the visitors exchanging pleasantries, money with goods and services was such a psychological reflective factor, of how the market might have been in the reign of conqueror Hemed. Exploring Grand Bazaar market as a tourist psychological reflective mode, has enabled many tourists to realize that, if societies invest in their cultures and facilities, in some years to come; their places will be a tourist hub. Grand Baazar is busy streets with many merchandise, reminds tourists for activity to take place there is exchange of goods and services and their stay at popular cafes observing the streets, reminded them at times to enjoy one need to watch live activities. Grand Bazaar market invokes a feeling of acceptance and serenity of watching live events that are very peaceful, one personally falls in love with the market, appreciating how a market can connect people from all over the world, to trade in goods and services. It is a destination that whenever tourists go they advocate people to visit, whenever they have time and resources tourists cant get enough of the colourful textiles well laid in the market. Sixty streets in the market only leaves the eyes of many tourists gazing at wonderful display from guitars, souvenirs, textiles, quality clothing and carpets all laid out in pomp and colour with several gates leading them beautifully in the streets. The market makes tourists to feel proud, especially when the sellers of different items all want them, to spend money at their shops across the street. Whenever tourists get into places and people are not quick to serve them, Grand Bazaar memory dawns on them, a tourist experience, of how the sellers of Grand Bazaar, even try to speak in their language just for them to spend money or time with them. Haghia Sophia Haghia Sophia is also referred to as the church of holy wisdom, it is among the early Christian churches and since introduction of the Christian religion it had existed for over 1000years, the present church is the third on site, which was later converted to a mosque, in the fifteenth century. The current Haghia Sophia mosque, has beautiful mosaics that are created in Byzantine world. What stands out with Haghia Sophia; the beautiful mosaics and rich historic site where Muslims and Christians chose as the place of worship, its the mother church to Catholicism in the world. (Hamm, 2010, p.39.). The Haghia Sophia has well portrayed mosaic, rich in history, the images communicate what happened there before and one tends to appreciate art while in the Mosque (Nelson Olin,2003, p.59). An element that stands out with the Haghia Sophia is the reason behind the place being designed, which was to demonstrate wealth and power, Haghia Sophia colourful mosaic, it is estimated that contains over 30 million gold mosaic tiles (Hamm, 2010, p.40). As a tourist you will fall in love with the designers of Haghia Sophia, the designers communicate through tourism in the world, they might not have existed for many years though they communicated to the world how expensive art is and how one can use power to appreciate peoples gifting like art, the various colours of the tiled mosaics, brings joy on a tourist face, they feel it in their veins, it is a world of mosaic that are so colourful that one wants to be part of. An experience as a tourist with Haghia Sophia makes one appreciate art globally whether, written or in mosaic, it is capable of pulling people from all over the world together. Taksim square Deriving its name from Turkish, Taksim symbolizes Distribution or the reservoir, the square has a low stone, on the southern side that distribute water to Istanbul people, on the northern side of the square there is Taksim park with tea gardens. It was created during ancient times. (Ayliff, 2003, p.166). The square provides a reflective experience to every visitor and its cool underground water is refreshing, especially when temperatures are very high. It was amazes the visitors or tourists of the water reservoir which is so big such that it feeds Istanbul population with water, the water is tapped from the forest and it has existed to date. Taksim square water provides such a cooling experience which cools one from the scorching sun and after a long tiresome walk around the city. Connects tourists emotionally with the forest where the water is tapped. On a personal level tourist might not have a view of the forest that water is tapped from, the cooling sensation of Taksim square water makes them have an imagination with the forest and they long to be in the forest. Conclusion The paper has given an overview of my experience with some of the major tourist attraction sites of Istanbul. The Sultan Ahmet mosque which its distinctive features are the blue tilled walls. Grand Bazaar market, which happens to be one of the greatest world markets, tourists experience watching live events in this market, brings out the pride in them, as they watch events and how various vendors long for them to purchase their merchandise. Haghia Sophia is a place with conflicting cultures, both the Muslims and Christians had a longing of the place which is designed to portray wealth and power, most tourists tend to disagree on fighting over territories, especially tourists from 1st world countries, suggesting that dialogue should be the paramount thing. The colourful mosaic is captivating, helps a tourist to appreciate art globally, last but not least the Taksim square, the water reservoir sourced from the forest beckons the tourist to visit the forest due to the refreshing and coo ling sensation of the cool water, it gives them an attachment while on their tourist experience. References Ayliffe, R. (2003).Turkey. Rough Guides. Burns, P. M., Palmer, C., Lester, J. A., Bibbings, L. (Eds.). (2010).Tourism and Visual Culture Methods and cases(Vol. 2). CABI. Christopher, P. J. (2006).Greatest Cities in the World You Should Visit. Encouragement Press, LLC. https://www.bluemosque.co/ https://www.greatistanbul.com/ https://grandbazaaristanbul.org/The_Grand_Bazaar.html Kucukaltan, D. (2006).Tourism and Terrorism: an Experience of Turkey and the World. iUniverse (Threat of tourism in instanbul) Nelson, R. S., Olin, M. (2003).Monuments and memory, made and unmade. University of Chicago press. Rath, J. (Ed.). (2007).Tourism, ethnic diversity and the city. Routledge. Rickly-Boyd, J. M., Knudsen, D. C., Braverman, L. C. (2016).Tourism, Performance, and Place: A Geographic Perspective. Routledge. Rozen, M. (2010).A History of the Jewish Community in Istanbul: The Formative Years, 1453-1566(Vol. 26). Brill. Hamm, J. S. (2010).Term Paper Resource Guide to Medieval History. ABC-CLIO.

Khmer New Year free essay sample

Maha Songkran, is the name of the first day of the new year celebration. It is believed that on this day Gods angels come to earth to take care of its creation. To welcome these holy angels, every family prepares a lot of good things to welcome new god, farewell the old god. On the altar, they present 5 flower branches, 5 candles, 5 incense, 5 cereal seeds, a bowl of scented water, eatables, drinks and fruit crops. They pray for health and luck in the New Year. This is the first day of calendar procession ceremony. Major activities are bathing, dressing nice, bringing sacrifice gifts to the pagoda in good time which has been selected. Virak Wanabat is the name of the second day of the New Year celebration. People contribute charity to the less fortunate by helping the poor, servants, homeless, and low-income families. Families attend a dedication ceremony to their ancestors at the monastery. We will write a custom essay sample on Khmer New Year or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the evening of this day many Cambodians will go to the pagoda and build a mountain of sand to remember their ancestors who have passed away and have the monks give them blessings of happiness and peace. Tngai Leang Sakk is the name of the third day of the New Year celebration. Buddhists cleanse the Buddha statues and their elders with perfumed water. Bathing the Buddha images is the symbol that water will be needed for all kinds of plants and lives. It is also thought to be a kind deed that will bring longevity, good luck, happiness and prosperity in life. By bathing their grandparents and parents, children can obtain from them best wishes and good advice for the future. On New Year day, Cambodians also played our Traditional games. Chol Chhoung, a game played especially on the first nightfall of the Khmer New Year by two groups of boys and girls. Ten or 20 people comprise each group, standing in two rows opposite each other. One group throws the chhoung to the other group. When it is caught, it will be rapidly thrown back to the first group. If someone is hit by the chhoung, the whole group must dance to get the chhoung back while the other group sings to the dance. Chab Kon Kleng, A game played by imitating a hen as she protects her chicks from a crow. Participants usually appoint a strong player to play the hen who protects her chicks, while another person is picked to be the crow. While both sides sing a song of bargaining, the crow tries to catch as many chicks as possible as they hide behind the hen. Leak Kanseng, A game played by a group of people sitting in a circle. Someone holding a kanseng that is twisted into a round shape walks around the circle while singing a song. The person walking secretly tries to place the kanseng behind one of the people. If that chosen person realizes what is happening, he or she must pick up the kanseng and beat the person sitting next to him or her. Bos Angkunh, this game is played by the groups of boys and girls. The groups take the Angkunh, which are now called kery for the purpose of the game, and place three to five on the ground. These are called the planting kery. Each group then takes more of the Angkunh and throws these hitting kery at the planting kery, trying to hit them. The group that hits the least planting kerys loses, and the other team then gets to hit them on the knee with kerys. There are two ways of doing this. Bai trachheak (cold rice) means the winner puts one kery on the opponents knee and hits with another one. Bai kdav means they put two kerys together as before but harder so it makes a cracking sound. If no sound is created, the person being hit is allowed to do the same back to the person who has failed to produce the sound. In Conclusion, New Year is the most perfect time for Cambodian, it can entertain people to relax their mind from a whole year of stressful tasks. All of family’s members or relative also meet each other during this time, they can enjoy the happiest all together. The Khmer New Year is not only a great festival it is also an opportunity to pass on

Ancient Egyptians Played a Board Game Called 58 Holes

Ancient Egyptians Played a Board Game Called 58 Holes The 4,000-year-old board game 58 Holes is also called Hounds and Jackals, the Monkey Race, the Shield Game, and the Palm Tree Game, all of which refer to the shape of the game board or the pattern of the peg holes in the face of the board. As you might guess, the game consists of a board with a track of fifty-eight holes (and a few grooves), in which players race a pair of pegs along the route. It is thought to have been invented in Egypt around 2200 B.C. It flourished during the Middle Kingdom, but died out in Egypt after that, around 1650 B.C. Around the end of the third millennium B.C., 58 Holes spread into Mesopotamia and maintained its popularity there until well into the first millennium B.C. Playing 58 Holes The ancient game 58 Holes most closely resembles the modern childrens game known as Snakes and Ladders in Britain and Chutes and Ladders in the United States. In 58 Holes, each player is given five pegs. They begin at the starting point to move their pegs down the center of the board and then up their respective sides to the endpoints. The lines on the board are the chutes or ladders that allow the player to quickly advance or to just as quickly fall behind. Ancient boards are generally rectangular to oval and sometimes shield or violin-shaped. The two players throw dice, sticks, or knucklebones to determine the number of places they can move, marked on the game board by elongated pegs or pins. The name Hounds and Jackals comes from the decorative shapes of the playing pins found at Egyptian archaeological sites. Rather like Monopoly tokens, one players peg head would be in shape of a dog, the other in that of a jackal. Other forms discovered by archaeologists include pins shaped liked monkeys and bulls. The pegs that been retrieved from archaeological sites were made of bronze, gold, silver, or ivory. It is quite likely that many more existed, but were made of perishable materials such as reeds or wood. Cultural Transmission Versions of Hounds and Jackals spread into the near east shortly after its invention, including Palestine, Assyria, Anatolia, Babylonia, and Persia. Archaeological boards were found in the ruins of Assyrian merchant colonies in Central Anatolia dating as early as the 19th and 18th centuries B.C. These are thought to have been brought by Assyrian merchants, who also brought writing and cylinder seals from Mesopotamia into Anatolia. One route along which the boards, writing, and seals might have traveled is the overland route that would later become the Royal Road of the Achaemenids. Maritime connections also facilitated international trade. There is strong evidence that 58 Holes was traded throughout the Mediterranean region and beyond. With such widespread distribution, its normal that a considerable amount of local variation would exist. Different cultures, some of which were enemies of the Egyptians at the time, adapted and created new imagery for the game. Certainly, other artifact types are adapted and changed for use in local communities. The 58 Holes gameboards, however, seem to have maintained their general shapes, styles, rules, and iconography - no matter where they were played. This is somewhat surprising, because other games, such as chess, were widely and freely adapted by the cultures that adopted them. The consistency of form and iconography in 58 Holes may be a result of the complexity of the board. Chess, for example, has a simple board of 64 squares, with the movement of the pieces dependent on largely unwritten (at the time) rules. Gameplay for 58 Holes depends strictly on the board layout. Trading Games The discussion of cultural transmission of game boards, in general, is currently of considerable scholarly research. The recovery of game boards with two different sides - one a local game and one from another country - suggest that the boards were used as a social facilitator to enable friendly transactions with strangers in new places. At least 68 gameboards of 58 Holes have been found archaeologically, including examples from Iraq (Ur, Uruk, Sippar, Nippur, Nineveh, Ashur, Babylon, Nuzi), Syria (Ras el-Ain, Tell Ajlun, Khafaje), Iran (Tappeh Sialk, Susa, Luristan), Israel (Tel Beth Shean, Megiddo, Gezer), Turkey (Boghazkoy, Kultepe, Karalhuyuk, Acemhuyuk), and Egypt (Buhen, Thebes, El-Lahun, Sedment). Sources Crist, Walter. Board Games in Antiquity. Anne Vaturi, Encyclopaedia of the History of Science, Technology, and Medicine in Non-Western Cultures, Springer Nature Switzerland AG, August 21, 2014. Crist, Walter. Facilitating Interaction: Board Games as Social Lubricants in the Ancient Near East. Alex de Voogt, Anne-Elizabeth Dunn-Vaturi, Oxford Journal of Archaeology, Wiley Online Library, April 25, 2016. De Voogt, Alex. Cultural transmission in the ancient Near East: twenty squares and fifty-eight holes. Anne-Elizabeth Dunn-Vaturi, Jelmer W.Eerkens, Journal of Archaeological Science, Volume 40, Issue 4, ScienceDirect, April 2013. Dunn-Vaturi, Anne-E. The Monkey Race - Remarks on Board Games Accessories. Board Games Studies 3, 2000. Romain, Pascal. Les reprà ©sentations des jeux de pions dans le Proche-Orient ancien et leur signification. Board Game Studies 3, 2000.

Free Essays on The First Native Americans

The First Americans Throughout time our ancestors have always been the race that we have descended from. To this day scientists and philosophers still don’t grasp the true revelation, of who owns the past. The controversies of the Kennewick man very well define some of our many questions about the actual origin of the 9300 year old skeleton. The remains are an ongoing battle with the American anthropologists and the NAGPRA. And archeologists may never know the biological evidence of linkage between us and the Kennewick man. The origin of the human remains is still not known to this day, although archeologists believe to be of a Caucasoid descent. Originally the Kennewick man was thought to be a fur –trader or pioneer. Obtained though a CAT scan and was thought to be dated from 9000 to 4500 years ago. The NAGPRA claims that these remains are from a Paleo-Indian tribe and believes that they should preserve and keep the remains. The only problem with this claim is that this tribe is a fairly new tribe and with radiocarbon dating the facts just don’t match. Controversy surrounds the whole situation of the Kennewick man, the remains, the origin, and the possessions is all being fought over. Since this skeleton was found on land that the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. The Committee also believes that the remains are closely related or are one of a Paleo-Indian Tribe. For many archaeologist the find of these remains are huge, mainly because a huge portion of the skeleton was found. This piece could very well tell us the many things we still have to learn about our early ancestors. Native Americans believe that there is a close ancestral relationship between the Kennewick man and a modern tribe. The tribe has been around for many years, but not more that 4500 years ago. The radio carbon dating on the fossil dated back to about 9300 years ago this would throw this theory in the water. T... Free Essays on The First Native Americans Free Essays on The First Native Americans The First Americans Throughout time our ancestors have always been the race that we have descended from. To this day scientists and philosophers still don’t grasp the true revelation, of who owns the past. The controversies of the Kennewick man very well define some of our many questions about the actual origin of the 9300 year old skeleton. The remains are an ongoing battle with the American anthropologists and the NAGPRA. And archeologists may never know the biological evidence of linkage between us and the Kennewick man. The origin of the human remains is still not known to this day, although archeologists believe to be of a Caucasoid descent. Originally the Kennewick man was thought to be a fur –trader or pioneer. Obtained though a CAT scan and was thought to be dated from 9000 to 4500 years ago. The NAGPRA claims that these remains are from a Paleo-Indian tribe and believes that they should preserve and keep the remains. The only problem with this claim is that this tribe is a fairly new tribe and with radiocarbon dating the facts just don’t match. Controversy surrounds the whole situation of the Kennewick man, the remains, the origin, and the possessions is all being fought over. Since this skeleton was found on land that the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. The Committee also believes that the remains are closely related or are one of a Paleo-Indian Tribe. For many archaeologist the find of these remains are huge, mainly because a huge portion of the skeleton was found. This piece could very well tell us the many things we still have to learn about our early ancestors. Native Americans believe that there is a close ancestral relationship between the Kennewick man and a modern tribe. The tribe has been around for many years, but not more that 4500 years ago. The radio carbon dating on the fossil dated back to about 9300 years ago this would throw this theory in the water. T...

Customer Service-Techniques for Building Relationships Coursework

Customer Service-Techniques for Building Relationships - Coursework Example Marketing personnel are equipped to provide business entities with a type of customer support which creates customer relationships. This can be achieved through the use of social media podiums such as Facebook and Twitter. Marketers can also provide information, news, insight, advice, and even technical aid to customers (Peppers & Rogers, 2011). Those actions establish a long lasting customer relationship as it makes customers feel needed and valued by the business. The second technique that can be applied is through communicating effectively and openly. Communication is vital in any business relations. There is a huge range of means to keep in good contact with your customers. They vary from emails to social media, or even phone calls. One should make themselves available to clients so that they can always get back to them for any assistance and also reply politely and promptly to any enquiries. This ensures smooth development of the business and helps sort out any issues as soon as they occur (Burke, 2007). Lastly, a business should listen to its customers. The more the business listens to its customers and demonstrate that it truly values their opinions, the stronger there will be the relationship of the customers and the business. This will ensure that clients support the business and its mission. The business should consistently communicate that it values the customers feedback and appreciates their contribution (Peppers & Rogers, 2011). Because of the severe competition that exist in the markets, firms are constantly searching for new means to differentiate themselves from their competitors. A company’s most valuable asset is the customers, and that is the reason behind maintaining a good long lasting customer relation for the future growth of the

Exxon Mobile's Strategy Analysis Research Paper

Exxon Mobile's Strategy Analysis - Research Paper Example On the other hand, the chemicals segment handles manufacturing and sales of petrochemicals. The success and outstanding performance of Exxon Mobil Corporation emerge from several strategies implemented by its management executives. Just to name a few, the Corporation has a strategic management system that provides an elaborate framework for maintaining high standards and performance. This particular analysis paper looks deep into the strategies that Exxon Mobil implements to support its success. Exxon Mobil Corporation is guided by a corporate strategy that guides operation and enhances efficiency in its system. The organization strategy is reliant on the ability to innovate and develop in the new emerging markets by providing new products that suit the changing consumer needs. Ideally, it concentrates on their strong market positioning strategy to exhaust their market segments and fill the niches that can be identified by their competitors. The success arising out of this strategy is dependent on the broad portfolio. Exxon Mobile Corporation has a stronger business portfolio that emphasizes on the long-term profitability of the organization regardless of the volatile nature of the product prices in the industry. Additionally, the corporation relies on diversity strategy in production and sale of its products. Its global diversity principle act as a foundation for the long-term career oriented model to employment. Ideally, skills and expertise of the employees is quite critical to any organization. Competent employees usually work harder to boost the productivity of the organization. Exxon’s approach to employment is not only a relevant model but also a productive model to the general performance of the organization. The method fulfills the desired dreams of the organization through attracting, developing and retaining premier workforce diversity. It arguably fosters a productive work environment and culture where every

European Car Market Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

European Car Market - Essay Example In the real world, there is no such market as a perfect competition as every firm tries to differentiate its product from others and perfect competition involves perfect homogeneity. Perfect competition occurs where every characteristic of competition is known to the seller and as well as the buyer thus giving all information to the market. Due to the interaction of forces of demand and supply the market price stays for all thus the firms become price-takers and mainly compete on the terms of cost only. This raises the issue of profit maximization and firms in the perfect competition tend to increase their profits by only reducing costs. Further the point that perfect knowledge about the market means that despite of how much a firm produces it will get the same price throughout its production schedule as in a perfect market the average revenue is constant and so is the marginal revenue thus implying that the price elasticity is zero thus a decline or raise in price would bring about no change to the total revenue. In the perfect market, demand tends to stay constant throughout and since the firms are small, increment to the cost will only add up to the loss. The perfect market is more vulnerable to competition as there are many buyers and sellers. So the effect of entry and exit of a single supplier does not play a major role in upsetting the market whereas in the oligopolistic case, the effect of exit of any one firm plays a vital role in changing the entire market structure. Product Homogeneity and competition Product homogeneity is another factor that deters the taxonomy of the car industry as being perfect. In a perfect competition, the products are considered as homogenous thus they share the same attributes as of their rival products. This again reflects the point that this market is more prone to price changes and therefore entry and exit of firms will keep on happening. Consider that if the car market is to be called as perfect market then there would be many firms wanting to join the industry to reap better profits as it is a growing industry and so addition of new firms would keep on expanding the market thus there would be a time when the supply of cars will exceed the desired demand thereby causing a decline in price making many firms lose out. Thus only short term profits could be achieved and further it is possible that the losing firms may not be able to cover up their costs even. The point to be raised is that is there a substitute use of the machinery needed to manufacture cars Probably not as the technology required to build car engines would be in appropriate to be applied to Water-filters or cigarettes. In this case if the demand for cars falls so can the producer make a sudden move and go into the cigarette industry Never, it is difficult to shutdown large plants in a short period of time. Economies of Scale The point from which the economies of scale start is hard to attain at the momentary run. Economies of scale reflects the efficiency of the firm in the long run and in perfect competitio

Hazard And Hazard Management Construction Essay

Hazard And Hazard Management Construction Essay The construction industry is characterized by a relatively high injury and illness rate compared to other industries. In the past two decades more than 26,000 U.S. construction workers have died at work. That equates to approximately five construction worker deaths every working day. Safe practices can help eliminate the hazards present in the construction industry, and reduce the number of on-the-job injuries and deaths. The techniques in the construction industry have been improved due to the rapid development of science and technology. However, the constructional hazards are not decreased as expected. To reduce or prevent occupational hazards in the construction industry, some methods were proposed to provide a prevention and improvement technique against occupational hazards. A method was developed to identify important hazard types and hazard causes. Additionally, especial analyses were performed to assess the risk value of the hazard. 2. Hazard and Hazard Management: Hazards identification is the act of identifying the failure conditions or threats which could lead to undesirable events. It may be outlined as a condition, object, activity or event with the potential of inflicting injuries or sick health to personnel, injury to property, loss of fabric, or reduction of the ability to perform a prescribed operate or combination of those (DOSH, 2006). Paul Everitt and Anthony Price (2004) define hazard as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¢any source or situation with the potential to cause harm to the safety and health of people or damage the environment or to plant / equipment. Because the existence of a hazard is not always obvious, and increases with human interaction a structured and systematic approach is essential in compiling a comprehensive list of hazards. The hazard management means, the method of implementing counter measures to decrease the chance of hazard. 3. The project features and their relation to the construction hazard To determine that how the project features contribute to construction hazard, it needs to categorize the project to the specific project features and breaking that down into a sequence of stages, and then, identifying all possible loss-of-control incident that may occur during the construction work. 3.1. The project features and the sequence of stages: Foundations: Excavation Pilling Structural activities Concrete Slabs Cast-in-place concrete columns and walls Erecting pre-cast slabs Erecting pre-cast walls Forming walls with stone cladding Finishing activities: Brick masonry Stone cladding Exterior plastering Gypsum boards Floor tiling Roof insulation Roof sealing Glazing Other activities Electrical installation Plumbing HVAC installation 3.2. Some sub-activities of the above stages are: According to the above category there are some sub-activities that would be hazardous in construction sites such as: Activity Sub-activity Hazard Event Foundation Excavation Cave- in Collapse the excavation wall Piling Sequencing of piling work Conflict with other parts of the project construction, creating unsafe working conditions Piles located in positions in restricted working space Personal injury from falling debris, crushing. Unsafe removal of guards or auger cleaners. Risk to third parties Piling near to the top of slopes Slope failure, rig overturning Working in excavations Access ramps and wall props can hold up working space Structural activities Concrete Slabs Slips, trips Fall Cast-in-place concrete walls with stone cladding Pouring concrete using a crane bucket Filling bucket Concrete spatter Exterior working Preparing the wall area Filling holes Dropping an object Casting lightweight concrete for drainage Casting concrete Pouring the concrete Dropping an object Concrete columns and walls Fix steel rebar cage Final ties Collision with steel bars Drywall construction Erecting the framing Attaching studs to exterior masonry or concrete walls Spatter of debris from drilling or nailing Exterior stucco Manually applying an insulating layer Curing and cutting protrusions Struck by a tool Cast-in-place concrete columns and walls Installing forms Cleaning and greasing forms in height Fall from a ladder Concrete columns and walls Casting concrete with a crane Lifting a bucket full of concrete Crane collapse A researcher argued that, according to the fatalities statistic, 40% of that involved incidents related to falls from height. Inadequate, removed, or inappropriate use of fall protection equipment contributed to more than 30% of the falls. As these statistics indicate, safety in construction remains a big problem. As good safety practices and records create a positive, hazard free, and productive work environment, planning for safety at the front-end of a project is not only the first but also a fundamental step for managing safety. There are some hazard identification tools, such as: Text Brainstorming Checklist Structured What-if (SWIFT) 4. Some Common Construction Hazard Issues: 4.1. Construction Hazards: Construction hazards may include falls, extreme heights, falling from rooftops, machinery failure, unguarded machinery, being struck by heavy construction equipment, electrocutions, silica dust, asbestos, lead, welding emissions, accidents, structure collapse, roofing and pavement tar, engine exhaust fumes, and other hazards. Construction sites include residential construction, bridge erection, roadway paving, excavations, demolitions, and big painting jobs. 4.2. Construction Hazard Statistics According to OSHA : Figure 1 shows that falls from elevation generally represent the leading cause of a death due to construction related activity, representing about 33% of all construction fatalities. Getting struck by some object, caught in-between two objects, and electrical shock is also leading factors of construction fatalities. Together, these make up about 90% of all construction fatalities. It is important to note that over the last few years, these numbers have statistically declined or increased in a linear, proportion fashion. The occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Statistics show that about 90% of the fatalities occur from four types of injuries. These injuries may be from falls from height such as scaffolding or ladders, being struck by objects, being caught between objects, and electrocution. There are other common hazards in construction sites that may include power tools and equipment, Heavy machinery, excavations, and confined. 4.3. Is the Engineers and Safety Staff are blame? Failures in hazard identification are often due to the limited expertise or oversight of engineers or safety staff when planning or executing safety practices, or poor training of construction staff. Examples are tasks in design for safety, safety inspection, and monitoring safety. Failure in any of these can result in increased risk of exposing workers to hazards in the construction environment. Safety planning in construction is generally done separately from project execution planning and involves different actors. This separation and the resulting lack of communication create difficulties for safety engineers to analyze what, when, why, and where the hazards located for preventing accidents. 5. Fall Hazards Identification and Preventive Measures: As mentioned above, 40% of involved incidents are related to falls from height, due to that here will focus on Identifying and assessing the hazards and risks as an essential step in safety management. The potential fall hazards regarding to construction features are, holes in slabs, leading or unbounded edges of the floor slab, and openings in walls. According to OSHA a slab hole means a gap or void of 2 in. (5.1 cm) or more in its least dimension. A hole can exist at several heights, for example, on a floor (e.g., concrete slab), a roof (e.g., skylight), or any other walking/working surface. Similar rules exist for openings in walls, for example, unprotected windows. Regardless of the size of the hole or opening, if the location of the object is elevated more than 1.8 m (6 ft), it would be hazardous. The preventive measure for falls include, always using appropriate fall protection, installing and maintaining perimeter protection when working from heights, covering and securing all floor openings, and following safe practices when using ladders and scaffolds. 6. Conclusion: The construction industry has been considered an accident prone industry. Alarming statistics indicate that the construction industry accounts for 55,000 fatal injuries each year. That is because construction sites are often filled with potential hazards that can lead to serious injury or death. Safety planning can be considered in the scheduling stage for early detection, including identification of a hazardous location, and schedule for implementation of protective safety equipment. Construction sites, unlike other production facilities, undergo changes in topography, topology and work conditions throughout the duration of the projects. These features make managing construction site-safety more difficult than managing safety in manufacturing plants. Mostly in construction, a different approach is needed to identify hazards and risks, increase safety and prevent accidents. The employee is responsible for reporting any defects in the workplace or on any of the equipment that is being used. A workplace inspection is a critical part of a comprehensive safety and health program in which the workplace is examined closely on a regular basis for the purpose of: Identifying and recording potential and actual hazards associated with buildings, equipment, environment, and processes. Identifying hazards which require immediate attention. Ensuring that existing hazard controls are functioning and recommending corrective action.

Research objectives Essay

Because of the success of balance scorecard, there are enormous volumes of information on the practice of BSC, but this study will examine the phenomenon of balance scorecard with Saudi Pepsi as the reference agency. The study will review the book (Translating strategy into action) by Kaplan and Norton as well as many relevant literature on the subject. It is the position of this study that BSC is a genuine business elevator, so this project will make the necessary efforts to present authentic evidence in support of that position. research objectives: The objectives of this study are to outline and analyze the fundamental principles of the Balanced Scorecard system. The paper will trace the formulation of the system and review some of the available data on its effectiveness. Also the paper will make an objective judgement on the advantages and disadvantages of its application. Since this is designed to ascertain the adaptability of BSC to Pepsi of Saudi Arabia, the paper will conclude with a critical insight on how Pepsi could benefit from BSC, based largely on data from  the performance review of other corporations that have implemented the BSC management system. QUESTIONS EXPECTED TO BE ADDRESSED BY THIS STUDY: Though questions abound on this study, but this discourse will focus greatly on the matters that address the application, and the structure of Balance Scorecard. The major perspectives as advanced by Kaplan and Norton will be presented and analyzed in depth . It must be emphasized that the system is an objective, responsive system. It could be followed with appropriate data analysis, and adjustments could be made when  desirable. The paper will provide the necessary steps that could be followed in order to attain a desired result. Because this dialogue has taken sides in favor of the BSC, it will clearly present the known benefits of implementing the system. But it must be emphasized that there are some drawbacks in the BSC system. Those drawbacks would equally be outlined. All the important steps in the implementation of the BSC will be discussed, and the different roles that different levels of a corporate entity would need to play will be enumerated as well. All of the team members must not only make a commitment, they must participate in the process. Every department must know its participating role in the implementation of BSC, and this work will detail what those roles ought to be, and how to ensure that they are diligently executed. It should also be recognized that it is not enough to design and construct a BSC, the question is would it be used? No benefits would accrue if the built BSC is not used. Of course the most important question is that of the applicability of the system by Pepsi Saudi, that question  will be adequately addressed in this process. CHAPTER TWO: BOOK AND LITERATURE ANALYSIS. PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT: Before the advent of BSC, a questionnaire by the national association of accountants indicated that about 60% of accountants were â€Å"not satisfied by their performance measurement system†, primarily because of its reliance on purely financial metrics. But since the implementation of BSC that dire view is turning around. (Nevin 2003). Performance measurement technique is used to compile data on many subjects, high  school academicians use performance measurement to keep record of behaviors of students whose behaviors required to improvement. The significant point here is that the actual behavior improvement could be measured empirically, scientifically and with discerning accuracy. So it is not surprising that corporations would also adopt performance management system. Corporations use performance measurement to keep record of its effectiveness, and its efficiency. It is used to tabulate quality and productivity. It is also used to keep records of timeliness and safety. (Nevin, Paul 2003). With an effective performance measurement system, companies can a develop a sustainable structure for its strategic planning, and its goals. It helps companies assemble a clear mission, with appropriate resources, on long term intervals. With it companies can maintain accountability for its performance or lack of performance. By using performance measurement companies are better able to analyze and validate its results. It can also use it to acquire timely feedbacks, which could be used to change the direction of a given project or to move a project forward. So in total, performance measurement could help and organization to make informed decisions, to appraise its performance and to initiate an improvement as needed. (Nevin, Paul 2003). I suppose we can say that performance measurement is a close â€Å"cousin† of BSC. However a performance measurement system could limit its benefits if it loses sight of key performance drivers. And it could be quite expensive to set-up a performance measuring unit, but most companies seem to agree that the cost is worth it at the long run. (Kaplan & Norton 1996).

Compare Essay Vietnam an Australia Essay

In recent years, there are many Vietnamese students who want to study in other countries as Australia, Singapore, or USA. Because they think that the education system in these countries is better than the system in Vietnam. They will have plenty opportunities after graduating in international college or university. Nevertheless, others have the opinion that the quality of education in both countries is similar. Australian and Vietnamese education systems are very similar in school ages. We can easy to see that both of their education system have kindergarten level and twelve grades which for children from the ages of 3 to 18. After finishing general education, most of students in Australia move on their studying at TAFE or colleges or universities, and so do Vietnamese students. Moreover, both of them have public schools which boys and girls can join equally in class. In spite of the similarities, these two educations have several differences in system division, timetable and the way students can apply to university. The first difference between two education systems is the system division. In Vietnam, public kindergartens frequently admit children from the age of 18 months to 5 years old. They usually study in primary school at 6 years old for 5 years (grades 1 – 5), secondary school at 12 years old for 4 years (grades 6 – 9) and high school for 3 years (grades 10 -12). In contrast, there are preschool and preparatory (also called kindergarten), which started when you are five. Then, primary school goes from grade 1 to 6 and secondary school from grade 7 to 12. Furthermore, they still are difference in timetable. Australian students have to go to school Monday to Friday, from 8:45 am to 3 pm, with breaks for lunch and snacks. Also they have extra activities after school hours such as piano classes, dance classes, etc. Even though, students in Vietnam just have 5 minutes break between two lessons (45 minutes for a lesson), every day from Monday to Friday. The Vietnamese classes usually started at 6:45 am and finished at 11:45 am for morning session or 12:45 pm to 5:15 pm for afternoon session. Another striking difference between education system in Australia and the system in Vietnam is the way students can apply to university. All of grade 12 students in Vietnam who must to pass the High school Graduation Examination to graduate and take the University Examination to study in university. On the other hand, you need to show: Evidence of English knowledge, Evidence of  study as High school Certificate if you want to apply to any universities in Australia. All things considered, while the two education systems offer similar the ages to go to school, they differ widely in the system division, timetable and the way students can apply to university. Study in Australia is the best choice for students who not only want to be more active, more confident but also improve themselves-study and English skill, enlarge their knowledge and create a great working chance.

Take the Paired Conjunction Quiz

Take the Paired Conjunction Quiz Paired conjunctions are often used in both spoken and written English to make a point, give an explanation, or discuss alternatives. The most common paired conjunctions include: both ... andneither ... noreither ... ornot only ... but also When using these forms with verb conjugation make sure to follow these rules: Both ... and is used with two  subjects and always conjugates using the plural form of the verb. Both Tom and Peter live in Los Angeles. Neither ... nor is used with two  subjects. The second subject decides whether the verb is conjugated in the plural or singular form. Neither Tim nor his sisters enjoy watching TV. OR Neither his sister nor Tim enjoys watching TV.   Either ... nor is used with two  subjects.  The second subject decides whether the verb is conjugated in the plural or singular form. Either the children or Peter has made a mess in the living room. OR Either Peter or the children have made a mess in the living room. Not only ... but also inverts the verb after not only, but use standard conjugation after but also. Not only does he like tennis, but he also enjoys golf. Paired conjunctions can also be used with adjectives and nous. In this case, make sure to use parallel structure when using paired conjunctions. Parallel structure refers to using the same form for each item. Pair Conjunction Quiz 1 Match the sentence halves to make a complete sentence. Both PeterNot only do we want to goEither Jack will have to work more hoursThat story wasStudents who do well not only study hardIn the end he had to chooseSometimes it isI would love to take but we also have enough money.neither true nor realistic.not only wise to listen to your parents but also interesting.and I are coming next week.either his career or his hobby.both my laptop and my cell phone on holiday.but also use their instincts if they do not know the answer.or we will have to hire somebody new. Pair Conjunction Quiz 2 Combine the following sentences into one sentence using paired conjunctions: both ... and; not only ... but also; either ... or; neither ... nor We could fly. We could go by train.She will have to study hard. She will have to concentrate to do well on the exam.Jack is not here. Tom is in another city.The speaker will not confirm the story. The speaker will not deny the story.Pneumonia is a dangerous disease. Smallpox is a dangerous illness.Fred loves traveling. Jane wants to go around the world.It might rain tomorrow. It might snow tomorrow.Smoking isnt good for your heart. Drinking isnt good for your health. Answers 1 Both Peter and I are coming this week.Not only do we want to go, but we also have enough money.Either Jack will have to work more hours or we will have to hire somebody new.That story was neither true nor realistic.Students who do well not only study hard but also use their instincts if they do not know the answers.  In the end he had to choose either his career or his hobby.Sometimes it is not only wise to listen to your parents but also interesting.  I would love to take both my laptop and my cell phone on holiday. Answers 2 Either we could fly or we could go by train.  Not only will she have to study hard, but she will also have to concentrate to do well on the exam.Neither Jack nor Tom is here.The speaker will neither confirm nor deny the study.Both Pneumonia and Small Pox are dangerous illnesses (diseases).Both Fred and Jane love traveling.It might both rain and snow tomorrow.Neither smoking nor drinking are good for your health.   If you had difficulties understanding this quiz, brush up on your knowledge. Teachers can use this paired conjunction lesson plan to help students learn and practice these forms.

5-Paragraph Essay on Sports

5-Paragraph Essay on Sports Sports is a broad term that basically refers to diverse forms of physical activities that are competitive in nature. Participation in sports is aimed at utilizing or maintaining, as well as improving one’s physical capabilities, with skills of the game. Moreover, the participating individual, along with spectators, are entertained by this physical competition. Activities like football are effective in nurturing physical health, in addition to developing good interaction skills. Historic artifacts suggest that the earliest sporting activities took place in China many centuries ago. At the time sports originated, gymnastics were the most popular sport among the ancient Chinese. Similarly suggestive artifacts were found in Egypt, with monuments indicating that traditional sports like fishing and swimming were well-developed in the region. Correspondingly, ancient Persians were fond of martial arts, jousting, and polo. Another civilization that embraced sports was ancient Greece, whose culture was prominently focused on sports. Greece is specifically important to sports, considering that the now very famous Olympic Games competition was created by the Greeks. Numerous sports exit today. Some require two participants while others involve larger groups or more individuals. Sporting activities can be classified into two main categories, the broadest and most popular one being physical activities. For instance, physical sports include the various activities that take place during the worldwide Olympic Games competitions. Besides physical games, sports also include mind games that are common among different generations. For example, chess as well as bridge have come to be recognized forms of sport. Nonetheless, not all mind games are accepted as sports. One criterion for consideration as a sport is that the activity should incorporate a competitive element. Secondly, the activity should not cause harm to any living thing, and winning should not depend on luck. From these criteria, one might expand the list of activities that can be categorized as sports. For instance, physically involved activities like rugby and other physical competitions are sports. In the same way, predominantly motorized activities like power boating, as well as Formula I, is appropriately perceived as sports. The key point is that the defining aspect of competition must be apparent. This infers that an activity in which there is grading of participants on the basis of results definitely qualifies as a sport. In conclusion, activities that do not include the element of competition between two or more individuals or teams are not considered sports whereas activities that do include competition with others can be considered a sport. Tips on 5-paragraph essay writing: Generally, sports are an extensive subject that cannot possibly be exhausted in a single essay. To narrow the scope to a manageable range, it is recommended that one choose short subtopics that will interest the reader. As an illustration, the writer might base the sports essay on the rules governing a specific sport. Nonetheless, for a reader who is not a sports fan, such an essay may be boring. To avoid this, it would be vital to incorporate various aspects of sports, being certain to keep the exposition as brief as possible so that the reader’s attention is maintained. As demonstrated in this sample essay, an interesting essay on sports can be one that briefly touches on the distinguishing elements of a sport with the history of sports.

Marketing and sale Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Marketing and sale - Assignment Example Specifically, the current focus group will concentrate on; The first step of a focus group project is to determine various components and project partners. The current focus group project is on a newly developed ‘all natural granola style cereal.’ So, project partners for this focus group will be participants such as, housewives, young consumers of the age group 21-30, young executives and middle-aged professionals. Project partner will also include a moderator, a auditing expert, a technical and a assistant. The total number of participants included in the group will be 10. The focus group is expected to be diverse providing feedback and ideas from different perspectives. As such, the selected focus group will be a mix of male, female and young participants, who are consumers of cereals (NCBI, 2013). Sampling of Cereal Brands: During first stage of the focus group project, a sample survey test will be included and the attendees will be given three cereal brands, where only one brand will be of the company. They will be asked to differentiate on the basis of taste, appearance and likeness. Some of the model questions that can be asked to participants in the sampling survey are: Focus group interview: In the second stage, questions will be asked separately to the focus group regarding quality, taste and other features of the product. Some of the questions that can be asked during the cereal sampling are; Focus Group discussion: The next stage will include an open discussion forum, where the participants will express their views and opinions regarding product, usage and avenues for further improvements. Analysis: After successful conduction of a focus group, the next important stage will be dissemination of data and information gathered during the process. Analysis of the data will help in evaluating alternatives and deciding appropriate actions

Are private equity buyouts in the best interest of a company (2.3) Essay

Are private equity buyouts in the best interest of a company (2.3) - Essay Example g cost and managements time are considered worthless by private companies (Pietersz, 2007).However, shareholders will require detailed explanation of the benefits of such a strategy. Through buyouts, the cash flows of a firm are improved. The value of a firm is the present value of all the future expected cash flows (Bierman, 2003). Because of a reduced cash outflow, the present value of PE will be enhanced. The additional cash inflows arise from tax benefit of additional debt financing. The change in capital structure will enable the firm reduce its tax base at hence enrich the cash flows of the business. There are both advantages and disadvantages of private equity buyouts. Buying of inefficient performing companies and restructuring them to profitable ventures benefits the whole economy and the owners. Through elimination of these inefficiencies, they create additional wealth to the shareholders by increasing their return on the investments. After a buyout, the capital structure of the firm allows the firm to perform higher interest tax deductions from their income statement (Cendrowski, 2008). Increased tax shield benefit reduces the tax liability of the firm. In addition, the managers of PE have the mindset of achieving their goal within the shortest duration possible and make the sales at a profit. The profit motive of the managers is responsible for the enhanced value of the firm. Secondly, private equities are better managed than the publicly traded companies. Managers in of the PE rewards are pegged on performance. More still, the managers are sometimes required to put a material proportion of their investment in the investment. This would ensure that they to remain concerned about the company’s performance because any loss that might arise will also be borne by them (Colvin, n.d). Private equity further employed better executives by offering them high salaries. In addition, the acquired company also stands to benefit from the PE buyout (Cendrowski,

Consumer behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

Consumer behavior - Essay Example The main branch of Nintendo Company, Limited (NCL) is located in Kyoto, Japan. Over the years, Nintendo managed to establish its global offices in the United States, Canada, Australia, Europe, China, and Korea. (Nintendo - The Official Magazine, 2007) Nintendo DS, also known as NDS or DS which stands for ‘Dual Screen and Developers’ System (Nintendo DS, 2007a), is a handheld game console that is manufactured by Nintendo back in 2004. Similar to Game Boy Advance SP, NDS has a two LCD screens with a sensitive touch screen, built-in microphone, and is Wi-Fi capable in order to enhance the gaming experience of the players. In China, NDS or DS is known as iQue DS. The development and promotional activities of NDS is incredibly a success. After the first week of launching the new product, the company managed to sell 500,000 or more than 90% of its available Nintendo DS units. (Becker, 2004) During the same year, Nintendo DS successfully defeated Sony’s sales of PlayStation Portable or PSP with only 200,000 sold in Japan by mid-December. As of end of September 2006, Nintendo DS and Nintendo DS Lite have sold more than 26.82 million units. The purpose of this study is to enable the researcher to have a better insight on how to conduct a marketing audit on Nintendo DS. In order to successfully analyze the market segment of Nintendo DS, it is necessary for the all the Nintendo for the researcher to carefully study the product mix or the 4 P’s of NDS known as product, pricing, promotional activities, and place (market distribution). The market for Nintendo’s Game Boy has already reached its peak. In order to maintain the company’s current position on being able to grab the biggest market share on handheld gaming, it is crucial for the company to constantly develop and launch a more high-tech handheld console in the global market. There is a

Raising Achievement of Ethnic Minority Children Essay Example for Free

Raising Achievement of Ethnic Minority Children Essay This literature review would explore the barriers in raising educational achievements of ethnic minority students. As this is a broad area of concern the literature would examine two main barriers such as social background issues and English as Additional Language (EAL) while briefly looking at other barriers such as†¦ Statistical data collected from the Pupil Level Annual School Census (PLASC) 2002 would be analysed in respect to this group social economic status and its effect on their learning. The literature would outline the significance of raising achievement, particularly ICT teacher’s responsibility. This report would identify some strategies/solutions including pedagogical approaches to raising achievement which would be supported by research. The overall findings would illustrate why ethnic minority children underperform academically than their counterparts in school. INTRODUCTION It is important to recognise that ethnic minority pupils may fall into the category of low class low achievement. (Battle and Lewis 2010 pg35) said â€Å"a person’s education is closed linked to their life chances, income and wellbeing† it’s therefore, fair to say that ethnic minority communities are most likely to underachievement than others because of their socio-economic conditions. Language in education has long been the subject of attention by educationists at all levels. Initially as concerning the problem of teaching English to children for whom it is not a first language, The Swann Report 1985 pg385 Other drawbacks to raising achievement are institutional racism, lack of motivation, lack of suitable challenge, the appropriateness of activities and tasks, a mix-match of expectations, a perceived irrelevance of the activities and tasks. National Education Authority claim to be â€Å"raising achievement to higher levels and closing student achievement gaps are priorities in schools and communities at all economic levels and in urban, rural, and suburban settings†. (http://www.nea. org/home/17413. htm. Accessed 02/11/12) What is Raising Achievement? According to (DfES 0013-2006. Pg. 6) (Excel and enjoy) raising achievement means a â€Å"tailored education for every child and young person, that gives them strength in the basics, stretches their aspirations, and builds their life chances. It will create opportunity for every child, regardless of their background†. Teachers have a committed liability to enable all learners to attain and achieve their full potential, whether they are SEN (Special Education Needs), EAL (English as an Additional Language) or ethnic minority student. What is Ethnic Minority? The ethnic minorities in the UK, 50% are Asian or Asian British (Indian, Pakistani etc. ), 25% are Black or Black British (Black African, Black Caribbean etc. ), 15% are Mixed Race, 5% are Chinese and 5% are of other ethnic backgrounds. (http://www. historylearningsite. co. uk/ethnic_minorities_education. htm. Accessed 02/11/12) Cabinet Office defined it as â€Å"Ethnicity refers to cultural heritage (thus the term ethnic minorities can also be used to include White ‘ethnic’ minority groups in Britain, such as the Irish or people from other European countries). However, the systematic historical and continuing pattern of disadvantage for Black and Asian groups singles them out for special consideration†. (webarchive. gov. uk. Accessed 02/11/12). Barriers to Raising achievement Socio-Economic Backgrounds: Socio class can cause inequality in class which could in turn influence the achievement in children; (C. Stephen pg. 269) Social scientists have recognised the importance of an individual’s family socio economic status (SES) has an influence on the academic achievement of children since the mid-1960s. It could cause low their self-confidence and self-esteem â€Å"ethnic minorities may have special issues related to self-esteem. Because of prejudice, minority members are likely to see a negative image of themselves† ( DeLamater. J Myers. D pg. 88). (http://www. historylearningsite. co. uk/ethnic_minorities_education. htm) â€Å"Ethnic backgrounds that are less successful in education is because they have a higher percentage of pupils from working class backgrounds. Also the lower a childs class position, the lower their income. Bangladeshi, Pakistani and Black pupils are more likely to be raised in low income families. This can affect how well they do in school because lack of funds means lack of school equipment, less favourable working conditions e. g. cold house, no desk etc. This inequity could lead to poor or erratic attendance which was cited as a contributory factor to poor attainment in several schools. Table1 the Pupil Level Annual School Census (PLASC) 2002 illustrates the impact of socio-economic disadvantage by comparing relative GCSE performance for pupils who are eligible for free school meals. This shows that pupils from lower socio-economic groups tend to achieve less good results than those from higher socio-economic groups and that this difference is particularly large for white pupils. (Aiming High Raising the Achievement of Minority Ethnic Pupils) Table2: The pupil level annual school census (PLASC) 2002 characteristics: Proportion achieving 5+ A*-C GCSEs for those entered for GCSEs in Maintained Schools in 2002 Note: these charts are based on data collected as part of the 2002 Pupil Level Annual Schools Census. From 2003, data will be based on an updated set of categories including mixed heritage, Gypsy/Roma and Travellers of Irish heritage which are listed at annex A. (Aiming High Raising the Achievement of Minority Ethnic Pupils) Discrimination on grounds such as race will affect effective learning fundamentally in most cases, which is linked to disparities in school. Some schools are institutionally racist, says Oftseds Director of Inspections, Jim Rose to the annoyance of teachers unions. Mr Rose said Much of that [racism], we think, is to do with unwitting stereotyping of youngsters and the lack of expectation or lowered expectation of teachers as a result of that sometimes (http://news. bbc. co. uk/1/hi/education/294078. stm)†. With the fact that their â€Å"ethnicity influences their class and their class influences their attitude†, there is concern about the aspirations of underprivileged children â€Å"socio-economic barriers may hinder aspiration formation for these children because of lack of mentors, opportunities, and resources and also doubt their ability to attain in learning† (http://www.learningbenefits. net/Publications/ResReps/ResRep27. pdf pg3). The majority of schools are engaged in a wide variety of initiatives to improve provision and raise the attainment of all pupils. However, few schools monitor these activities systematically and rarely do they have a specific ethnic focus. (Raising_the_attainment_of_minority_ethnic_pupils_school_and_LEA_responsespg7). Strategies to raising achievement of Socio-economic barrier: Having realistic expectations of the educational achievement of children of lower socioeconomic groups will make them feel they can achieve their potential. â€Å"Expectations are also shaped by teacher and student perceptions of the reasons for successes and failures. A low ability student, who views failures as lack of ability and successes as luck, will lose his motivation, feeling that there is little he can change to improve his learning†. (Rose Miller 2001) As evidenced earlier pupils from ethnic minority group have low self –esteem therefore, it is crucial for teachers to encourage the child or young person to find their own preferred style and rhythm of learning so they are motivated to pursue their learning process, making them have ownership of their own learning and work. To help raise achievement teachers and leaders should monitor and track achievement, encourage and support the child to maximize their potential be aspirational for them. â€Å"Parents with fewer financial resources tend to hold lower aspirations for their children, and young people from socially disadvantaged backgrounds tend to have lower aspirations than their more advantaged peers (Schoon, 2006). Promoting a culturally friendly environments and establishing classroom ethos of respect with a clear approach to racism and bad behaviour â€Å"modelling and promoting values, attitudes and behaviour supportive of race equality in class would explore and target underachievement to raise attainment†. (excellentandenjoymentlearning pg23). Strategically choosing students to work in groups, peer assessment where they can see others work which could help them shape their own work and attain a better grade. However, teachers need to provide students with a stress free learning environment so they can feel included . (EVIDENCE OF WHY THEY NEED STRESS FREE ENVIRON,ENT) The revised National Curriculum includes a statutory inclusion statement setting out how teachers can ensure the curriculum is accessible to all pupils which would certainly help raise attainment for also ethnic minority students . It states that teachers must follow three principles for inclusion: setting suitable learning challenges; responding to pupils’ diverse learning needs; and overcoming potential barriers to learning and assessment for individuals and groups of pupils. (cabinet office pg14). NALDIC (National Association for Language Development in the Curriculum), states that we should therefore ensure access to and progress through the curriculum or subject content. (using ict for eal pg5) Also very few schools review their curricular and pastoral strategies to ensure that they are sensitive to the ethnic groups in the student population and the wider community. In those instances where schools have done this as a result of concerns about a particular minority ethnic group, positive outcomes have resulted. (Raising_the_attainment_of_minority_ethnic_pupils_school_and_LEA_responsespg7) Schools working effectively with pupils in low attaining groups were not found to adopt specific approaches for particular groups of pupils such as minority ethnic groups, but instead personalised the curriculum, pedagogy and assessment such that pupils in any group could benefit. (Effective Teaching and Learning for Pupils in Low Attaining Group). Self- assessment and appropriate target setting according to individual learning styles would help them to build identities as successful learners. The new Teachers Standards (DfE, 2011) would enable this strategy to work perfectly as teachers have to Adapt teaching to respond to the strengths and needs of all pupils†¦evaluate distinctive teaching approaches to engage and support them. (Standard 5 The QTS Standards: DFES ‘Qualifying to Teach’(2002) In additional, as â€Å"they are much more likely than their peers of a higher socioeconomic environment to have a poor attendance, leave school earlier and with fewer qualifications, and are at far greater risk of being excluded from school. † http://education-landscapes. eu/pdf/learning_barriers. pdf . Teachers recognise strengths and improvements praising their effort would encourage children participation. Using positive words (‘I’ve seen a spark in you) and encourage this group would make them feel motivated, believe in themselves and appreciated to want to attend school (promoting attendance) regardless of any socio-economic worries. Attending â€Å"parents evenings and other less formal school functions can help understand difficulties and help to remove any barriers† http://education-landscapes. eu/pdf/learning_barriers. pdf. This could help build parent teacher relationship and both parties could devise ways to help raise the achievement and eliminate barriers affecting this young person’s learning. ? Respect frustration and encourage a positive approach to setbacks. http://education-landscapes. eu/pdf/learning_barriers. pdf. English as an Additional Language (EAL) barrier on Ethnic Minority: EAL learners will be affected by attitudes towards them, their culture, language, religion, and ethnicity http://www.mkweb. co. uk/emass/documents/Website_EAL_Artwork. pdf. The proportions of pupils with English as an additional language are from ethic minority background groups about five per cent (Black Caribbean pupils) to over 90 per cent (those from Bangladeshi backgrounds). Approximately 9. 3% (over 632,000) of all pupils in schools in England are recorded as having English as an additional language (EAL) according to Statistics of Education 2002(aiminghighraisingachievent pg28). These speech patterns are argued to be consistent with many low income families which are inadequate to meet the demands of the education system. These patterns directly contribute to educational failure as students cannot always understand elaborated speech which teachers use and teachers often misunderstand students who use the restricted speech. As a result there is a breakdown in communication between teachers and pupils. http://www. historylearningsite. co. uk/ethnic_minorities_education. htm. This is a major barrier to achievement as English is not their first language and cannot communicate effectively in lesson, with peers and content of the curriculum it is helpful for the to access prior knowledge so they have a fair understanding before the next lesson â€Å"Language learners need access to the subject curriculum while they are learning English†. EAL students learning is NOT a learning difficulty, learners should not be placed in groups or sets for ‘slow learners’–they need good peer models of subject specific talk and writing. Teacher expectations are powerful determiners of student success. Teachers should reflect high expectations in the ambitious targets set for these children. Bilingual learners need to make more progress each year than their peers in order to catch up (Collier, 1995) –their efforts need to be acknowledged and appreciated, to build their self-image and self-esteem as successful learners. (Making the Difference Teaching and learning strategies in multi-ethnic schools) Solution/Approaches: (Bourne, 1998 and others) Reforming the mainstream to be more language aware is not only good for bilingual learners, but benefits ALL students (Making the Difference Teaching and learning strategies in multi-ethnic schools). Education authorities have recognised the fact that student with EAL will struggle to reach their potential and has incorporate into the new Teachers Standards, saying that â€Å"all teachers and trainee teachers will benefit from an understanding and recognition of EAL as a significant field of teaching and learning. (http://www. naldic. org. uk/eal-teaching-and-learning/outline-guidance/pedagogy.) It is important to recognise that children learning EAL are as able as any other children, and the learning experiences planned for them should be no less cognitively challenging â€Å"High challenge can be maintained through the provision of contextual and linguistic support and raise attainment. (ExcellenceandEnjoyment:learningandteachingintheprimaryyears,Creatingalearningculture:Classroomcommunity,collaborativeandpersonalisedlearning(DfES 0522-2004 G) However, Schools and colleges will need therefore to provide both physical and virtual learning environments that motivate and support the EAL learner’s distinctive needs. Raising achievement of ethnic minorities students with low attainment and EAL by developing appropriate resources across the curriculum; make effective use of displays boards to support their learning and develop their knowledge of the linguistic, cultural backgrounds. (excellentandenjoymentlearning pg32) It is a legal requirement for literacy to be included into lesson; literacy is fundamental to good learning and achievement. It must therefore be a top priority for teachers consider how subject specific vocabulary like writing out keywords on white board, spelling and pronouncing words correctly which would help improve their English language â€Å"grammar should be introduced, modelled, extended and supported through the teaching of subject content to enhance literacy† (ExcellenceandEnjoymentlearningandteachingforbilingualchildrenintheprimaryyears). Organise small groups for computer-based activities that enable early stage learners to work with other first language speakers and to hear good models of English. â€Å"Establishing layered curriculum targets as a context for language development. Speaking and listening: guided sessions for language development. † (Effective Teaching and Learning for Pupils in Low Attaining Group). Using ICT to raise achievement of Ethnic Minority pupils with EAL. ICT has a vital role to play in providing the appropriate resources and technology for both learners and teachers. Using ICT to support EAL students presents challenges for many teachers of how best to make use of these new and emerging technologies to raise the achievement of their EAL students. (Using ICT to support students who have English as an additional language) Using Creative use of ICT in the classroom can promote inclusion and reflect cultural and linguistic diversity. Multimedia Projects provide excellent opportunities for learners to work collaboratively with other first language speakers. Email, local network links, user groups and video conferencing facilities provide opportunity for learners to communicate with proficient speakers of English and also of their first language across the world. Pupils learning EAL require opportunities to draw on additional contextual support to make sense of new information and language. Content learning for pupils learning EAL can be greatly improved through the use of visual support. This can help learners to conceptualise learning tasks that are being presented to them, or in which they are engaged, even when their knowledge of the target language is limited. http://www. naldic. org. uk/eal-teaching-and-learning/outline-guidance/pedagogy OCD/Migraine/ Metal plate in head due to past injury. If *** bumps her head call carer immediately/ unhappy to come SRS/difficult to make friends/suffered bullying/kept away from other students at break times in primary school/attention seeker/ mother died due to violently attacked by father (sees father in prison) / CAMHS/ care placement/ Literacy/maths/low self esteem/limited support from home/ IEP/PEP Pedagogy approach to EAL EAL pedagogy is the set of systematic teaching approaches which have evolved from classroom based practices in conjunction with the development of knowledge through theoretical and research perspectives. These approaches meet the language and learning needs of pupils for whom English is an additional language. They can be used in a wide range of different teaching contexts. http://www. naldic. org. uk/eal-teaching-and-learning/outline-guidance/pedagogy Setting out limited number of objectives criteria describe what the outcomes will look like when they are achieved; and actions linked to the target objectives to identify what has to be achieved by the end of lesson is said to raise success of learners whose second language is English (excellentandenjoymentlearning pg23). Personalisation is the key to tackling the persistent achievement gaps between different social and ethnic groups. It means a tailored education for every child and young person, that gives them strength in the basics, stretches their aspirations and builds their life chances. Higher standards, better schools for all (HMSO 2006)(from-excellentandenjoymentlearning pg14) The development of EAL pedagogy has been influenced by social constructivist theories which emphasise the importance of scaffolding learning, and those which highlight the importance of socio-cultural and emotional factors. Children learning EAL will be affected by attitudes towards them, their culture, language, religion and ethnicity. (excellentandenjoymentlearning pg14) Learning of English should be distinguished into communicative skills and cognitive and academic language proficiency. Children should be paired up in group so they can become conversationally fluent in the new language by communication and collaborating with others and to catch up with monolingual peers in the development of cognitive and academic language. Activating pupils prior knowledge â€Å"Finding out what pupils know about a topic through questioning, supporting self-monitoring and using KWL (Know, Want to find out, Learned) charts, brainstorming in small groups or pairs, discovery tasks, enabling use of first language. †http://www. naldic. org. uk/eal-teaching-and-learning/outline-guidance/pedagogy. Peer and share, questioning strategies using oral feedback is also important to move learners towards the forms of language used in writing (cognitive) and linguistic development. Children learning an additional language are not just learning vocabularies, grammars and pronunciations; it helps them to learn all other language functions such as questioning, analysing, hypothesising that they need for other subjects like mathematics, science, ICT and so on. Planning lesson for a class that has EAL student.

Differring Religions In Todays Essay -- essays research papers

Differring Religions Each religious group possesses its’ own individual world- view. Two groups, which vary a great deal when reflecting upon their world-views are the Native Americans and the Puritans. While one group holds one set of standards and beliefs to be true, the other group abides by a completely opposite set of ideas. The Native American religion functions using its’ own world –view. Unlike in Western religions, the Native American religion does not have certain places in which they need to be more religious than others do. In the Native American religion there is no notion of essential monotheism. There is no one true god in their religion; therefore they are free to have open-ended worship. The Native American religion is also made up of a pluralist belief. This means that different tribes have different myths and rituals, although they are all part of the same religion. In the handout, â€Å"Franciscans and Indian Revolt†, the idea that the world-view of Native American religion differs from many others is evident. The main conflict in this reading is that men dominate most positions in religious power. The Shaman, the Native American religious leader, manipulated the people through rituals and trances. He was said to possess supernatural powers. The Shaman was both feared and admired by the Native Americans. He was known to have the ability to either heal a sick man, or kill him. It was these types of powers, which set him apart from the Jesuit priest in the reading. Originally the Native Americans despised the entire Jesuit religion. The hated their clothing, their ideas, the way they went about their lives, etc. However, the Jesuits immunity to disease made the Native Americans take notice of them. It was through this that they began to admire their â€Å"powers†. The Native Americans saw the Jesuits as sorcerers, just as the Jesuits saw them. The Jesuits ritual of baptism made the Indians believe that Jesuits had the power to ki ll people with water. The Jesuits were also able to read and write, which greatly impressed the Native Americans. In the reading â€Å"French Views of Native Americans†, the Native-Americans are described as â€Å" they are I say, savage, haunting the woods, ignorant, lawless and rude.† They reading continues to go on referring to them as wanderers and basically a senseless use of human life. The French formed these opinions of ... ...one God. The Native Americans do not hold the idea of monotheism true, while the Puritans strictly believe in it. This is discussed throughout the reading â€Å"A Model of Christian Charity†, along with the Puritan system of a covenant. It restates the idea of obeying one God, and following the ideas of the covenant along with the commandments. It also discusses the vital need for a close knit community, yet another Puritan belief. As written in the text, â€Å" every man might have need of other, and hence they might be all knit more nearly together in the bond of brotherly affection.† This is simply the idea of having a community, which is a main factor in Puritan life. There are many differences, which separate the Native American religion from the Puritan religion. Their God, their way of life and their belief system take two different paths. One group has a set of ideas which they feel are correct and appropriate to live by, while the other group has world-view s which they expect are the right ways to follow the religion in which they believe. The Puritan religion and the Native American religion may have very little, if nothing, in common, however they both served their people well.